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Ozone Depleting Substances

India is a signatory of Montreal Protocol and being a developing country, its industries are eligible for technical and financial assistance through multilateral fund. The enterprises which qualify the prescribed norms of Ozone Depleting Substances consumption and have been in existence prior to the 25th July 1995 are eligible for funding for conversion to Non-ODS technologies from Montreal Protocol Multilateral Fund. The Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India is a nodal Ministry for implementation of provisions of Montreal Protocol in India.

Government of India has already initiated number of policy measures both legislative and fiscal to encourage early adoption of Non-ODS technologies. The All India Survey conducted by NSIC in 1994 indicated that a total 9110 ODS consuming units are in existence consuming 3006.0MT of Ozone Depleting Substances. The major sectors are Refrigeration & Air Conditioning, Solvents, Foams, Aerosols, and Fire Extinguishers. In Andhra Pradesh a total of 450 Ozone Depleting Substances consuming units have been identified out of which a majority are in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning sector.

In order to regulate production and consumption of ODS, Government of India has notified "Ozone Depleting Substances" (Regulation & Control Rules) 2000 vide Gazette Notification No: 471 dated 19th July, 2000 under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. Small Industries Service Institute., Hyderabad registers the units involved in production, conversion and handling of Ozone depleting Substances in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

Units involved in the manufacture of Aerosol products, Foam Products, Fire Extinguishers, Refrigeration and Air-conditioning product manufacturers including Mobile Air Conditioners and its gas charging units, Metered Dose Inhalers, Manufacturers, Import & Export of compressors and persons having facilities to reclaim/destroy Ozone Depleting Substances are required to register with the SISI. The registration of the ODS consuming and handling units is mandatory as per the Gazette Notification.

List of Ozone Depleting Substances
ODS Substitutes

List of Ozone Depleting Substances

Sl. No.	Name of Ozone Depleting Substance	Chemical Composition of Ozone Depleting Substance	Group	Ozone Depleting Potential
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
1.	CFC-11	Trichlorofluoromethane (CFCl₃).	I	1.0
2.	CFC-12	Dichlorodifluoromethane (CF₂Cl₂).	I	1.0
3.	CFC-113	Trichlorotrifluoroethane (C₂F₃Cl₃).	I	0.8
4.	CFC-114	Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (C₂F₄Cl₂).	I	1.0
5.	CFC-115	Chloropentafluoroethane (C₂F₅C₁).	I	0.6
6.	Halon-1211	Bromochlorodifluoromethane (CF₂BrCl).	II	3.0
7.	Halon-1301	Bromotrifluoromethane (CF₃Br).	II	10.0
8.	Halon-2402	Dibromotetrafluoroethane (C₂F₄Br₂).	II	6.0
9.	CFC-13	Chlorotrifluoromethane (CF₃Cl).	III	1.0
10.	CFC-111	Pentachlorofluoroethane (C₂FCl₅).	III	1.0
11.	CFC-112	Tetrachlordifluoroethane (C₂FCl₇).	III	1.0
12.	CFC-211	Heprachlorofluoropropane (C₃FCl₇).	III	1.0
13.	CFC-212	Hexachlorodifluoropropane (C₃F₂Cl₆).	III	1.0
14.	CFC-213	Pentachlorotrifluoropropane (C₃F₃C₅).	III	1.0
15.	CFC-214	Tetrachlorotetrafluoropropane (C₃F₄Cl₄).	III	1.0
16.	CFC-215	Trichloropentafluoropropane (C₃F₅Cl₃).	III	1.0
17.	CFC-216	Dichlorophexafluoropropane (C₃F₆Cl₂).	III	1.0
18.	CFC-217	Chloroheptafluoropropane (C₃F₇Cl).	III	1.0
19.	Carbon tetrachloride	Tetrachloromethane (CCl₄).	IV	1.1
20.	Methyl chloroform	1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane (C₂H₃Cl₃).	V	0.1
21.	HCFC-21	Dichlorofluoromethane (CHFCl₂).	VI	0.04
22.	HCFC-22	Chlorodifluoromethane (CHF₂Cl₂).	VI	0.055
23.	HCFC-31	Chlorofluoromethane (CH₂FCl).	VI	0.02
24.	HCFC-121	Tetrachlorofluoromethane (C₂HF₂Cl₄).	VI	0.04
25.	HCFC-122	Trichlorodifluoroethane (C₂HF₂Cl₃).	VI	0.08
26.	HCFC-123	2, 2-dichloro-1, 1, 1-trifluoroethane (C₂HF₃Cl₂).	VI	0.06
27.	HCFC-123a	1.2-dichloro-1, 1, 2-trifluoroethane (CHCl₂CF₃).	VI	0.02
28.	HCFC-124	2-chloro-1, 1, 1, 2-trifluoroethane (C₂HF₄Cl).	VI	0.04
29.	HCFC-124a	2-chloro-1, 1, 2, 2-trifluoroethane (CHFClCF₃).	VI	0.022
30.	HCFC-131	Trichlorofluoroethane (C₂H₂FCl₃).	VI	0.05
31.	HCFC-132	Dichlorodifluoroethane (C₂H₂F₂Cl₂).	VI	0.05
32.	HCFC-133	Chlorotrifluoroethane (C₂H₃F₃Cl).	VI	0.06
33.	HCFC-141	Dichlorofluoroethane (C₂H₃FCl₂).	VI	0.07
34.	HCFC-141b	1, 1-dichloro-1 -fluoroethane (CH₃CFCl₂).	VI	0.11
35.	HCFC-142	Chlorodifluoroethane (C₂H₃F₂Cl).	VI	0.07
36.	HCFC-142b	1-chloro-1, 1-difluoroethane (CH₃CF₂Cl).	VI	0.065
37.	HCFC-151	Chlorofluoroethane (C₂H₄FCl).	VI	0.005
38.	HCFC-221	Hexachlorofluoropropane (C₃HFCl₆).	VI	0.07
39.	HCFC-222	Pentachlorodifluoropropane (C₃HF₂Cl₅).	VI	0.09
40.	HCFC-223	Tetrachlorotrifluoropropane (C₃HF₃Cl₄).	VI	0.08
41.	HCFC-224	Trichlorotetrafluoropropane (C₃HF₄Cl₃).	VI	0.09
42.	HCFC-225	Dichloropentafluoropropane (C₃HF₅Cl₂).	VI	0.07
43.	HCFC-225ca	1, 3-dichloro- 1,2, 2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (CF₃CF₂CHCl₂).	VI	0.025
44.	HCFC-225cb	1 -3-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (CF₂ClCF₂CHClF).	VI	0.033
45.	HCFC-226	Chlorohexafluoropropane (C₃HF₆Cl).	VI	0.10
46.	HCFC-231	Pentachlorofluoropropane (C₃H₂FCl₅).	VI	0.09
47.	HCFC-232	Trichlorodifluoropropane (C₃H₂F₂Cl₄).	VI	0.10
48.	HCFC-233	Trichlorotrifluoropropane (C₃H₂F₃Cl₃).	VI	0.23
49.	HCFC-234	Dichlorotetrafluoropropane (C₃H₂F₄Cl₂).	VI	0.28
50.	HCFC-235	Chloropentafluoropropane (C₃H₂F₅Cl).	VI	0.52
51.	HCFC-241	Tetrachlorofluoropropane (C₃H₃FCl₄).	VI	0.09
52.	HCFC-242	Trichlorodifluoropropane (C₃H₃F₂Cl₃).	VI	0.13
53.	HCFC-243	Dichlorotrifluoropropane (C₃H₃F₃Cl₂).	VI	0.12
54.	HCFC-244	Chlorotetrafluoropropane (C₃H₃F₄Cl).	VI	0.14
55.	HCFC-251	Trichlorofluoropropane (C₃H₄FCl₃).	VI	0.01
56.	HCFC-252	Dichlorodifluoropropane (C₃H₄F₂Cl₂).	VI	0.04
57.	HCFC-253	Chlorotrifluoropropane (C₃H₄F₃Cl).	VI	0.03
58.	HCFC-261	Dichlorofluoropropane (C₃H₅FCl₂).	VI	0.02
59.	HCFC-262	Chlorodifluoropropane (C₃H₅F₂Cl).	VI	0.02
60.	HCFC-271	Chlorofluoropropane (C₃H₆FCl).	VI	0.03
61.	BFC-21B2	Dibromofluoromethane (CHFBr₂).	VII	1.00
62.	HBFC-22B1	Bromodifluoromethane (CHF₂Br).	VII	0.74
63.		Bromofluoromethane (CH₂FBr).	VII	0.73
64.		Tetrabromofluoroethane (C₂HFBr₄).	VII	0.8
65.		Tribromodifluoroethane (C₂HF₂Br₃).	VII	1.8
66.	HBFC-123B2 HBFC-123aB2	Dibromotrifluoroethane (C₂HF₃Br₂).	VII	1.6
67.	HBFC-124B1	Bromotetrafluoroethane (C₂HF₄Br).	VII	1.2
68.		Tribromofluoroethane (C₂H₂FBr₃).	VII	1.1
69.		Dibromodifluoroethane (C₂H₂F₂Br₂).	VII	1.5
70.		Bromotrifluoroethane (C₂H₂F₃Br).	VII	1.6
71.		Dibromofluoroethane (C₂H₃FBr₂).	VII	1.7
72.	HBFC-124B1	Bromodifluoroethane (C₂H₃F₂Br).	VII	1.1
73.	HBFC-124B1	Bromofluoroethane (C₂H₄FBr).	VII	0.1
74.		Hexabromofluoropropane (C₃HFB₆).	VII	1.5
75.		Pentabromodifluoropropane (C₃HF₂Br₅).	VII	1.9
76.		Tetrabromofluoropropane (C₃HF₃Br₄).	VII	1.8
77.		Tribromotetrafluoropropane (C₃HF₄Br₃).	VII
78.		Dibromopentafluoropropane (C₃HF₅Br₂).	VII	2.0
79.		Bromohaxafluoropropane (C₃HF₅Br).	VII	3.3
80.		Pentabromofluoropropane (C₃H₂FBr₅).	VII	1.9
81.		Tetrabromodifluoropropane (C₃H₂F₂Br₄).	VII	2.1
82.		Tribromotrifluoropropane (C₃H₂F₃Br₃).	VII	5.6
83.		Dibromotetrafluoropropane (C₃H₂F₄Br₂).	VII	7.5
84.		Bromopentafluoropropane (C₃H₂F₅Br).	VII	1.4
85.		Tetrabromofluoropropane (C₃H₃FBr₄).	VII	1.9
86.		Tribromodifluoropropane (C₃H₃F₂Br₃).	VII	3.1
87.		Dibromotrifluoropropane (C₃H₃F₃Br₂).	VII	2.5
88.		Bromotetrafluoropropane (C₃H₃F₄Br).	VII	4.4
89.		Tribromofluoropropane (C₃H₄FBr₃).	VII	0.3
90.		Dibromodifluoropropane (C₃H₄F₂Br₂).	VII	1.0
91.		Bromotrifluoropropane (C₃H₄F₃Br).	VII	0.8
92.		Dibromofluoropropane (C₃H₅FBr₂).	VII	0.4
93.		Bromodifluoropropane (C₃H₅F₂Br).	VII	0.8
94.		Bromofluoropropane (C₃H₆FBr).	VII	0.7
95.	Methyl bromide	(CH₃Br).	VIII	0.6

Alternatives to currently used Ozone Depleting Substances

Technology Options for Phase-Out in

Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Sector

Foams Sector

Aerosol Sector

Fire Extinguishing Sector

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Technology Options for Phase-out in Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Sector:

Sub-sector	ODS used at present	Preferred alternatives/substitutes
Domestic refrigerators	Refrigerant CFC-12 Foam Blowing CFC-11 HFC-134a	HFC-134a Isobutane Cyclopentane, HCFC-141b
Refrigerated Cabinets (Deep freezer, Ice-cream cabinets, Bottle coolers, Visi coolers)	Refrigerant CFC-12 Foam Blowing CFC-11	HFC-134a, Blends of HC-290 And HC-600a HCFC-141b, Cyclopentane
Water Coolers	CFC-12 HCFC-22 (for bigger capacity)	HFC-134a, Blends of HC-290 And HC-600a HCFC-22
Mobile (car, bus, van, refrigerated trucks, train)	CFC-12 HCFC-22(train)	HFC-134a HCFC-22(trains only)
Central A/c plants	CFC-11, CFC-12 HCFC-22 Ammonia	HFC-134a Hcfc-123 HCFC-22
Process Chillers	CFC-12	HCFC-22, Ammonia
Ice Candy Machines	CFC-12	HCFC-22, HFC-134a
Walk-in Coolers	HFCF-22, CFC-12	HCFC-22, HFC-134A
Room A/c	HFCF-22, CFC-12	HCFC-22
Packaged A/c	HCFC-22	Hcfc-22
Shipping	HFCF-22, CFC-12	HCFC-22, HDFC-134a

Technology Options for Phase-out in Foams Sector

Sub-sector	ODS used at present	Preferred alternatives/substitutes
Flexible PUF Slabstock	CFC-11	Methylene Chloride
Flexible PUF Moulded	CFC-11	CFC-free systems(water blown) Methylene Chloride
Rigid PUF General Insulation (other than refrigeration) Thermoware	CFC-11 CFC-11, CO₂	HCFC-141b Current-HCFC-141b Long term-CFC-free, Systems(water blown)
Integral Skin PUF	CFC-11	HCFC-141b, Methylene Chloride
Thermoplastic Foams -EPE/EPPN Foams -EPS Foams	CFC-12 CFC-11	Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons, HCFC-22, CO₂
Phenolic Foams	CFC-11	Pentane, Butane

Technology Options for Phase-Out in Aerosol Sector:

Sub-sector

ODS used at present

Preferred alternatives/substitutes

Perfumes, shaving foams, insecticides, pharma-ceuticals, paints, glues etc.

CFC-11

CFC-12

-HAP (most preferred in terms of ease of use and cost. However, being highly inflammable, safely aspects are very important in Hydrocarbon Aerosol Propellant (HAP) use).

-DME(Die-methyl Ethane) Small, Tiny & Cottage sectors

-use contract fillers

-establish common filling facility for a cluster of units

-switch to not-in-kind substitutes

Metered Dose Inhalers

CFC-11

Hydro fluorocarbon-134a

Technology Options for Phase-Out in Fire Extinguishing Sector:

Sub-sector

ODS used at present

Preferred alternatives/substitutes

Fire Extinguishers

H-1211,

H-1301

Portable type- ABC powder,

CO₂, HFC based

Fixed type- FM200, HCFC blend,

HFC23, Inert gases, water mist

system, CO₂ system